![]() When the number is less than 1, the research indicates an association between high chemical exposures and better health-what drug researchers seek when conducting drug trials. If the level is higher than 1, the research indicates a statistical association between health problems and the chemical exposure. If the risk ratio is 1, then the study reports no difference between the groups. They then engage in calculations to express the strength of that association numerically as a risk ratio. In the observational studies, if the group (or groups) with higher exposure to a chemical experiences more health ailments, researchers report an association between the chemical and the illnesses they discover. This involves comparing groups of individuals with high exposures to groups of individuals with low or no exposures. Researchers measure the strength of associations by assessing the “relative risk” of a chemical.
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